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EXCLUSIVE NOR (X-NOR) circuits produce a 1 output when all inputs are 0 and when more than
1 input is 1.
QUARTER ADDER circuits produce the sum of two numbers but do not generate a carry.
HALF ADDER circuits produce the sum of two numbers and generate a carry.
FULL ADDER circuits add a carry to obtain the correct sum.
PARALLEL ADDER circuits use full adders connected in parallel to accommodate the addition of
multiple-digit numbers.
STANDARD SYMBOLS depict logic circuitry with blocks, showing only inputs and outputs. One
block may contain many types of gates and circuits.
SUBTRACTION in binary is accomplished by complementing and adding.
FLIP-FLOP are bistable multivibrators used for storage, timing, arithmetic operations, and transfer
of information.
R-S FFs have the Q output of the FF HIGH in the set mode and LOW in the reset mode.
