CHAPTER 1 CIRCUIT MEASUREMENT
CIRCUIT MEASUREMENT - 14175_14
INTRODUCTION TO CIRCUIT MEASUREMENT
IN-CIRCUIT METERS
Figure 1-2.Compass and conductor with direct current
PERMANENT-MAGNET MOVING-COIL MOVEMENT
Figure 1-5.A movable coil in a magnetic field (current)
Figure 1-7.Coil and hairsprings
Figure 1-9.Assembled meter movement.
COMPASS AND ALTERNATING CURRENT
RECTIFIER FOR AC MEASUREMENT
DAMPING - 14175_24
ELECTRODYNAMIC METER MOVEMENT
MOVING-VANE METER MOVEMENTS
HOT-WIRE AND THERMOCOUPLE METER MOVEMENTS
AMMETERS
AMMETER CONNECTED IN SERIES
EFFECT ON CIRCUIT BEING MEASURED
AMMETER RANGES
AMMETER RANGES-Cont.
Figure 1-22.An ammeter with internal shunt resistors
Figure 1-23.An ammeter employing the d'Arsonval principle and external shunts
Range Selection
AMMETER SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
LOADING EFFECT
Figure 1-26.The loading effect.
MAKING A VOLTMETER FROM A CURRENT SENSITIVE METER MOVEMENT
RANGES
Figure 1-28.A voltmeter and a range resistor
Figure 1-29.A voltmeter with internal range resistors
ELECTROSTATIC METER MOVEMENT
VOLTMETER SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
USING THE OHMMETER
OHMMETER RANGES
Figure 1-33.An ohmmeter with multiplication jacks
SHUNT OHMMETER
OHMMETER SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
MEGOHMMETER
Megger Safety Precautions
MULTIMETER - 14175_52
MULTIMETER CONTROLS
Figure 1-38.A multimeter scale and reading
PARALLAX ERROR
Figure 1-39.A multimeter scale with mirror
Figure 1-41.A parallax error in a meter reading
MULTIMETER SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
HOOK-ON TYPE VOLTAMMETER
WATTMETER - 14175_60
WATT-HOUR METER - 14175_61
FREQUENCY METERS
Figure 1-47.Simplified disc of a vibrating-reed frequency meter. INDICATOR DIAL
Moving-Disk Frequency Meter
Figure 1-49.Meter recognition
Figure 1-50.Multimeter reading practice.
Figure 1-51.Meter reading practice
CIRCUIT MEASUREMENT - 14175_68
Assembled Arrangement
DAMPING - 14175_70
The hot-wire movement
AMMETER
VOLTMETERS
OHMMETERS
MEGOHMMETER (MEGGER)
MULTIMETER - 14175_76
HOOK-ON TYPE VOLTAMETER
WATTMETER - 14175_78
WATT-HOUR METER - 14175_79
FREQUENCY METERS-Cont.
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q70 - 14175_81
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q70 - 14175_82
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q70 - 14175_83
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q70 - 14175_84
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q70 - 14175_85
CHAPTER 2 CIRCUIT PROTECTION DEVICES
CIRCUIT CONDITIONS REQUIRING PROTECTION DEVICES
CIRCUIT PROTECTION DEVICES - 14175_89
Fuses
Circuit Breakers - 14175_91
PLUG-TYPE FUSE
Figure 2-5.Cartridge-tube fuse.
TIME DELAY RATING
Standard
IDENTIFICATION OF FUSES
NEW MILITARY DESIGNATION
OLD COMMERCIAL DESIGNATION
NEW COMMERCIAL DESIGNATION
CLIP-TYPE FUSEHOLDER
CHECKING AND REPLACEMENT OF FUSES
Checking Fuses with a Meter
REPLACEMENT OF FUSES
Proper Fit of Replacement Fuses
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE OF FUSES
CIRCUIT BREAKERS - 14175_106
Figure 2-16.Circuit breaker components
TERMINAL CONNECTORS
THERMAL TRIP ELEMENT
THERMAL-MAGNETIC TRIP ELEMENT - 14175_110
TRIP-FREE/NONTRIP-FREE CIRCUIT BREAKERS
TIME DELAY RATINGS
Figure 2-23.Circuit breaker with an operating handle
CIRCUIT BREAKER MAINTENANCE
CIRCUIT PROTECTION DEVICES - 14175_115
PLUG-TYPE FUSES
FAST FUSES
NEW MILITARY FUSE DESIGNATION
The OLD COMMERCIAL FUSE DESIGNATION
FUSEHOLDERS
OPEN FUSES
PROPER FIT
A THERMAL TRIP ELEMENT
THERMAL-MAGNETIC TRIP ELEMENT - 14175_124
WORKING ON CIRCUIT BREAKERS
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q43 - 14175_126
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q43 - 14175_127
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q43 - 14175_128
CHAPTER 3 CIRCUIT CONTROL DEVICES
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF CIRCUIT CONTROL DEVICES
SWITCH TYPES
MULTICONTACT SWITCHES
Figure 3-3.Multicontact switches
Single-Break and Double-Break Switches
Rotary Switches
Figure 3-7.Rotary switch in automobile ignition system
Figure 3-9.Wafer switch
OTHER TYPES OF SWITCHES
Momentary and Locked Position Switches
Snap-Acting Switches
Figure 3-14.Common actuators and their uses for accurate snap-acting switches
MAINTENANCE AND REPLACEMENT OF SWITCHES
Figure 3-15.Table of correct readings
REPLACEMENT OF SWITCHES
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE OF SWITCHES
SOLENOIDS
Figure 3-17.Solenoid action
MAINTENANCE OF SOLENOIDS
RELAYS
Figure 3-19.Relay construction
Figure 3-21.Relay contact arrangement
Figure 3-23.A thermal time-delay relay
Figure 3-24.Relay enclosures
MAINTENANCE OF RELAYS
Figure 3-26.Burnishing tool.
CIRCUIT CONTROL DEVICES
POLES
NUMBER OF POSITIONS
MOMENTARY POSITION
CURRENT RATING
SOLENOID
CLAPPER RELAYS
BURNISHING TOOL
POINT BENDER
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q30 - 14175_166
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q30 - 14175_167
APPENDIX I GLOSSARY - 14175_169
APPENDIX I GLOSSARY - 14175_170
APPENDIX I GLOSSARY - 14175_171
APPENDIX II LAWS OF EXPONENTS - 14175_173
APPENDIX II LAWS OF EXPONENTS - 14175_174
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_175
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_176
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_177
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_178
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_179
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_180
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_181
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_182
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_183
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_184
APPENDIX IV CROSS REFERENCE OF MILITARY AND COMMERCIAL FUSE DESIGNATIONS
MODULE 3 INDEX - 14175_187
MODULE 3 INDEX - 14175_188
MODULE 3 INDEX - 14175_189
Assignment Questions - 14175_191
Assignment Questions - 14175_193
Assignment Questions - 14175_194
Assignment Questions - 14175_195
Assignment Questions - 14175_196
Assignment Questions - 14175_197
Assignment Questions - 14175_198
Assignment Questions - 14175_199
Assignment Questions - 14175_200
Assignment Questions - 14175_201
Assignment Questions - 14175_202
Assignment Questions - 14175_203
Assignment Questions - 14175_204
Assignment Questions - 14175_205
Assignment Questions - 14175_206
Assignment Questions - 14175_207
Assignment Questions - 14175_208
Assignment Questions - 14175_209
Assignment Questions - 14175_210
Assignment Questions - 14175_211
Assignment Questions - 14175_212
Assignment Questions - 14175_213
Assignment Questions - 14175_214
CIRCUIT MEASUREMENT - 14175_14
INTRODUCTION TO CIRCUIT MEASUREMENT
IN-CIRCUIT METERS
Figure 1-2.Compass and conductor with direct current
PERMANENT-MAGNET MOVING-COIL MOVEMENT
Figure 1-5.A movable coil in a magnetic field (current)
Figure 1-7.Coil and hairsprings
Figure 1-9.Assembled meter movement.
COMPASS AND ALTERNATING CURRENT
RECTIFIER FOR AC MEASUREMENT
DAMPING - 14175_24
ELECTRODYNAMIC METER MOVEMENT
MOVING-VANE METER MOVEMENTS
HOT-WIRE AND THERMOCOUPLE METER MOVEMENTS
AMMETERS
AMMETER CONNECTED IN SERIES
EFFECT ON CIRCUIT BEING MEASURED
AMMETER RANGES
AMMETER RANGES-Cont.
Figure 1-22.An ammeter with internal shunt resistors
Figure 1-23.An ammeter employing the d'Arsonval principle and external shunts
Range Selection
AMMETER SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
LOADING EFFECT
Figure 1-26.The loading effect.
MAKING A VOLTMETER FROM A CURRENT SENSITIVE METER MOVEMENT
RANGES
Figure 1-28.A voltmeter and a range resistor
Figure 1-29.A voltmeter with internal range resistors
ELECTROSTATIC METER MOVEMENT
VOLTMETER SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
USING THE OHMMETER
OHMMETER RANGES
Figure 1-33.An ohmmeter with multiplication jacks
SHUNT OHMMETER
OHMMETER SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
MEGOHMMETER
Megger Safety Precautions
MULTIMETER - 14175_52
MULTIMETER CONTROLS
Figure 1-38.A multimeter scale and reading
PARALLAX ERROR
Figure 1-39.A multimeter scale with mirror
Figure 1-41.A parallax error in a meter reading
MULTIMETER SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
HOOK-ON TYPE VOLTAMMETER
WATTMETER - 14175_60
WATT-HOUR METER - 14175_61
FREQUENCY METERS
Figure 1-47.Simplified disc of a vibrating-reed frequency meter. INDICATOR DIAL
Moving-Disk Frequency Meter
Figure 1-49.Meter recognition
Figure 1-50.Multimeter reading practice.
Figure 1-51.Meter reading practice
CIRCUIT MEASUREMENT - 14175_68
Assembled Arrangement
DAMPING - 14175_70
The hot-wire movement
AMMETER
VOLTMETERS
OHMMETERS
MEGOHMMETER (MEGGER)
MULTIMETER - 14175_76
HOOK-ON TYPE VOLTAMETER
WATTMETER - 14175_78
WATT-HOUR METER - 14175_79
FREQUENCY METERS-Cont.
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q70 - 14175_81
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q70 - 14175_82
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q70 - 14175_83
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q70 - 14175_84
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q70 - 14175_85
CHAPTER 2 CIRCUIT PROTECTION DEVICES
CIRCUIT CONDITIONS REQUIRING PROTECTION DEVICES
CIRCUIT PROTECTION DEVICES - 14175_89
Fuses
Circuit Breakers - 14175_91
PLUG-TYPE FUSE
Figure 2-5.Cartridge-tube fuse.
TIME DELAY RATING
Standard
IDENTIFICATION OF FUSES
NEW MILITARY DESIGNATION
OLD COMMERCIAL DESIGNATION
NEW COMMERCIAL DESIGNATION
CLIP-TYPE FUSEHOLDER
CHECKING AND REPLACEMENT OF FUSES
Checking Fuses with a Meter
REPLACEMENT OF FUSES
Proper Fit of Replacement Fuses
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE OF FUSES
CIRCUIT BREAKERS - 14175_106
Figure 2-16.Circuit breaker components
TERMINAL CONNECTORS
THERMAL TRIP ELEMENT
THERMAL-MAGNETIC TRIP ELEMENT - 14175_110
TRIP-FREE/NONTRIP-FREE CIRCUIT BREAKERS
TIME DELAY RATINGS
Figure 2-23.Circuit breaker with an operating handle
CIRCUIT BREAKER MAINTENANCE
CIRCUIT PROTECTION DEVICES - 14175_115
PLUG-TYPE FUSES
FAST FUSES
NEW MILITARY FUSE DESIGNATION
The OLD COMMERCIAL FUSE DESIGNATION
FUSEHOLDERS
OPEN FUSES
PROPER FIT
A THERMAL TRIP ELEMENT
THERMAL-MAGNETIC TRIP ELEMENT - 14175_124
WORKING ON CIRCUIT BREAKERS
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q43 - 14175_126
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q43 - 14175_127
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q43 - 14175_128
CHAPTER 3 CIRCUIT CONTROL DEVICES
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF CIRCUIT CONTROL DEVICES
SWITCH TYPES
MULTICONTACT SWITCHES
Figure 3-3.Multicontact switches
Single-Break and Double-Break Switches
Rotary Switches
Figure 3-7.Rotary switch in automobile ignition system
Figure 3-9.Wafer switch
OTHER TYPES OF SWITCHES
Momentary and Locked Position Switches
Snap-Acting Switches
Figure 3-14.Common actuators and their uses for accurate snap-acting switches
MAINTENANCE AND REPLACEMENT OF SWITCHES
Figure 3-15.Table of correct readings
REPLACEMENT OF SWITCHES
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE OF SWITCHES
SOLENOIDS
Figure 3-17.Solenoid action
MAINTENANCE OF SOLENOIDS
RELAYS
Figure 3-19.Relay construction
Figure 3-21.Relay contact arrangement
Figure 3-23.A thermal time-delay relay
Figure 3-24.Relay enclosures
MAINTENANCE OF RELAYS
Figure 3-26.Burnishing tool.
CIRCUIT CONTROL DEVICES
POLES
NUMBER OF POSITIONS
MOMENTARY POSITION
CURRENT RATING
SOLENOID
CLAPPER RELAYS
BURNISHING TOOL
POINT BENDER
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q30 - 14175_166
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1. THROUGH Q30 - 14175_167
APPENDIX I GLOSSARY - 14175_169
APPENDIX I GLOSSARY - 14175_170
APPENDIX I GLOSSARY - 14175_171
APPENDIX II LAWS OF EXPONENTS - 14175_173
APPENDIX II LAWS OF EXPONENTS - 14175_174
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_175
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_176
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_177
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_178
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_179
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_180
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_181
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_182
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_183
APPENDIX III SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS - 14175_184
APPENDIX IV CROSS REFERENCE OF MILITARY AND COMMERCIAL FUSE DESIGNATIONS
MODULE 3 INDEX - 14175_187
MODULE 3 INDEX - 14175_188
MODULE 3 INDEX - 14175_189
Assignment Questions - 14175_191
Assignment Questions - 14175_193
Assignment Questions - 14175_194
Assignment Questions - 14175_195
Assignment Questions - 14175_196
Assignment Questions - 14175_197
Assignment Questions - 14175_198
Assignment Questions - 14175_199
Assignment Questions - 14175_200
Assignment Questions - 14175_201
Assignment Questions - 14175_202
Assignment Questions - 14175_203
Assignment Questions - 14175_204
Assignment Questions - 14175_205
Assignment Questions - 14175_206
Assignment Questions - 14175_207
Assignment Questions - 14175_208
Assignment Questions - 14175_209
Assignment Questions - 14175_210
Assignment Questions - 14175_211
Assignment Questions - 14175_212
Assignment Questions - 14175_213
Assignment Questions - 14175_214
